Service Layer & Business Logic

// CentralLogics/helpers.php (Static methods)
class Helpers {
    public static function error_processor($validator) { ... }
    public static function variation_price($product, $variations) { ... }
    public static function get_full_url($type, $filename, $storage) { ... }
    // + 100 more static methods
}
 
// Trait-based logic
trait PlaceNewOrder {
    private function makeOrderDetails($cart_item, $order_id) { ... } // 900 lines
}
 
// Controller with embedded logic
class OrderController extends Controller {
    use PlaceNewOrder;
 
    public function placeOrder(Request $request) {
        DB::transaction(function() use ($request) {
            // 200+ lines of business logic here
        });
    }
}

app/Services/
├── OrderService.php
│   ├── placeOrder(User $user, array $items): Order
│   ├── calculateTotal(Order $order): float
│   ├── processPayment(Order $order, string $method): bool
│   └── assignDeliveryMan(Order $order): void
│
├── PackageService.php
│   ├── createPackage(Restaurant $restaurant, array $data): Package
│   ├── updatePackage(Package $package, array $data): Package
│   ├── validateCustomization(Package $package, array $selections): bool
│   └── formatForApi(Package $package): array
│
├── SubscriptionService.php
│   ├── createSubscription(User $user, array $data): Subscription
│   ├── pauseSubscription(Subscription $sub, Carbon $from, Carbon $to): bool
│   ├── cancelSubscription(Subscription $sub, string $reason): bool
│   ├── processRecurringOrder(Subscription $sub): Order
│   └── checkRenewal(Subscription $sub): bool
│
├── PaymentService.php
│   ├── processPayment(Order $order, string $gateway): PaymentResult
│   ├── verifyPayment(string $transaction_id): bool
│   ├── refundPayment(Order $order, float $amount): bool
│   └── handleWebhook(string $gateway, array $payload): void
│
└── NotificationService.php
    ├── sendOrderNotification(Order $order, string $event): void
    ├── sendSubscriptionNotification(Subscription $sub, string $event): void
    ├── sendPushNotification(User $user, string $title, string $body): void
    └── sendEmail(User $user, string $template, array $data): void

class OrderController extends Controller
{
    protected $orderService;
    protected $paymentService;
    protected $notificationService;
 
    public function __construct(
        OrderService $orderService,
        PaymentService $paymentService,
        NotificationService $notificationService
    ) {
        $this->orderService = $orderService;
        $this->paymentService = $paymentService;
        $this->notificationService = $notificationService;
    }
 
    public function placeOrder(PlaceOrderRequest $request)
    {
        $order = $this->orderService->placeOrder(
            auth()->user(),
            $request->cart_items
        );
 
        if ($request->payment_method !== 'cash_on_delivery') {
            $payment = $this->paymentService->processPayment(
                $order,
                $request->payment_method
            );
 
            if (!$payment->success) {
                return response()->json(['error' => 'Payment failed'], 402);
            }
        }
 
        $this->notificationService->sendOrderNotification($order, 'placed');
 
        return response()->json(['order' => $order], 201);
    }
}